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Honey Fungus

Armillaria species

Months

Season

Colour

Habitat

Honey fungus, Armillaria mellea, photographed on a dead branch in a woodland. The pale creamy brown of the fungus stands out against bright green mosses that cover the branch

How to identify Armillaria mellea:

CapOchre-brown, usually darker towards the centre, and covered with fine brown scales
Cap diameter4cm – 10cm
GillsWhite, darkening with age. Often partially covered by a thin white membrane or “veil”
StemSimilar in colour to the cap, sometimes bulbuous towards the base. Will often have a residual white ring around the stem from the formation of the “veil”
SporesWhite

 

About the Honey Fungus

The term Honey fungus actually refers to several closely related species, all within the Armillaria group. The two most common Honey fungus species are Armillaria mellea and Armillaria gallica, however there are a total of seven Honey fungus species found in the UK. These fungi are often well known by gardeners, as they can cause severe disease in trees and shrubs. 

As well as producing fruit bodies, Honey fungus forms distinctive bootlace-like structures called “rhizomorphs”. The tough leathery rhizomorphs are formed of bunches of fungal hyphae (root-like threads), and can commonly be seen underneath the bark of trees which have been infected with Honey fungus. Rhizomorphs vary from pale yellow and red, becoming brown or even black as they age. 

Where to find them?

Honey fungus grows in dense clusters on dead or dying wood, and can be found in woodlands, gardens, and parks. 

Don’t mistake it with

The different species of Honey fungus can be easily confused with each other. 

Did you know?

Armillaria mellea are bioluminescent, their gills glow in the dark! The glow from Honey fungus is very weak however, and is usually too faint to be seen by the naked eye in a woodland environment. 

Other Species