Plants to Spot at the Seaside this Summer

Add flower finding to your beach activities

The salty sea air and sandy soil might prove a problem for some plants, but others thrive in these conditions.

That being said, nature as a whole, in the UK is in decline. Since the 1970s, a total of 54% of flowering plants have been lost from areas where they used to thrive. This means beautiful plants such as Heather and Chamomile, both of which you can find on our coastlines, are becoming harder to find.

So, when you next head out with your bucket and spade, why not see if you can spot some of the stunning species that adore the seaside as much as we do! Lets take time to appreciate the wild plants that call the coast home and help to protect their future.

What plants can you expect to find?

Keep on the lookout before you arrive at the beach as there are plenty of species to spot on the walk down to the sand. From coastal paths and cliffs to streams that lead to the sea and maritime heaths, there are multiple habitats for plants to call home.

Here are some of our favourites:

• Gorse Ulex sp. can be found on banks, heaths and sea-cliffs. Also a signature plant of acidic rough open space and commonland. 
  Gorse is a shrub that is easy to spot with its sharp green spines and yellow flowers. It gives off the sweet smell of coconut in the spring. While flowers can be seen most of the year, it’s at it’s best between April and May.  On hot summer days you can hear the seed pods popping and crackling open, releasing their seeds. 
• Thrift Armeria maritima, is a common sight in coastal areas all over the UK and can be found on cliffs. maritime rocks and salt marshes as well as further inland.
  These pretty spherical blooms are usually pink, rarely white. Thrifts have two subspecies, maritima and elongata. To tell the difference, maritima has hairy stems. It flowers between April and October.
• Kidney Vetch Anthyllis vulneraria, is common all over the UK coastline and can be found on cliffs, rocks and maritime heaths.
  Kidney Vetch usually has clusters of yellow flowers, though they can be orange or red. To spot the plant, turn the leaves over – they should be white underneath with a soft silky texture. It flowers between June and September.
• Common Reed Phragmites australis, is a common sight all over the UK and can be found in shallow rivers, streams and estuaries near the coast.
  It is a tall perennial growing up to 3m. The leaves which are green in colour with a grey tinge are long and flat. Common Reeds have large fluffy, flower spikes that are purple to brown. They flower between August and October.
• Biting Stonecrop Sedum acre is a perennial plant that can be found all around the coast from cliff tops to sand-dunes and shingle beaches. It can also be found further inland, usually growing in walls or cracks of paths.
  Plants grow up to 10cm and have overlapping fleshy leaves. It flowers between May and July with bright yellow, star shaped flowers, that are a favourite of pollinators.
• Sheep’s-bit Jasione montana, is a biennial plant that can be found on coastal cliffs, dunes, and maritime heaths as well as further inland on acidic soils, hedge banks, rough grasslands and rocky hillsides. It is widespread in west Britain, but scattered elsewhere.
  This pretty plant has rounded flower heads that are bright blue in colour and grow up to 35mm in diameter. They flower between May and August.

Once you get down to the beach itself, a whole new habitat opens up. While the landscape might seem arid, there a number of interesting plants you can find living in the sand.

Here are some of our favourites:

• Sea Mayweed Tripleurospermum maritimum, can be found on cliffs and sea walls, but also shingle beaches and even sand. This hardy perennial, which is part of the daisy family, can be found in coastal zones all around UK.
  The flowers look like large daisies with a mass of leaves that are quite thick and succulent. It flowers between July and August.
• Rock Samphire Crithmum maritimum, as the name suggests, prefers rockier locations, and can be found on sea walls, cliffs and rocks on the beach as well as shingle beaches themselves. They can be found on the south and west coasts of Britain and all around the coast of Ireland.
  Rock Samphire has lots of branches with succulent type leaves that are rounded. It flowers with small yellowish green flowers between July and August.
• Sea-holly Eryngium maritimum, can be found popping out of sand dunes as well as fine shingle beaches all around the UK, apart from the north and east of Scotland as well as north east England.
  Sea-holly is easy to spot with it’s spiny leaves. It does look like it could be a relative of Holly, but is actually within the Apiaceae family, which includes Fennel, Parsnip and Coriander. Sea-holly has blue flowers that can sometimes have a metallic sheen.
• Sea Sandwort Honckenya peploides, is a maritime succulent that can be found all over the UK coast on sand and shingle beaches.
  Sea Sandwort is a long creeping perennial that has fleshy succulent leaves up to 18mm. It has small flowers up to just 10mm in diameter with greenish petals. It flowers between May and August.
• Common Restharrow Ononis repens can be found in most areas of the UK, apart from north Scotland and west Ireland. You can spot this perennial plant in sand dunes and shingle beaches as well as further inland.
  Plants grow to around 60cm and have stems that are green and sometimes slightly red in colour. The stems are covered in tiny hairs. They have small pink flowers, similar to those of a pea, which can be seen between June and September.
• Sea Campion Silene uniflora is a perennial plant that can be found on coastal cliffs, rocky ground and shingle beaches, all around the UK coastline.
  Plants can grow up to 25 cm. Their flowers have five white petals with splits down the middle, which can make it look as though the flowers have ten petals each. They flower between June and August.

How to get started?

The best thing about species spotting, is that you really don’t need any equipment that you wouldn’t already have, just appropriate clothing and footwear for exploring the coast.

If you did want to bring anything along, you could take a plant guide, so that you can name any species you find that we haven’t included. You could also bring a hand lens with a x10 or x20 magnification to get a close up look at the petals and leaves and a camera to capture memories from your adventure.

To help you ID some of the species you find, why not read our blog here, on three apps to help you identify wildflowers with your phone.

Remember to stay safe when you are by the sea. Stay well away from cliff edges and bases, pay attention to any warning signs such as those in areas where there may be rock falls and always make yourself aware of the tide times before heading to the beach.